Umair Shoukat
Aga Khan University and Hospital, Pakistan
Title: Effect of class II extractions and functional appliance treatment on smile esthetics
Biography
Biography: Umair Shoukat
Abstract
Introduction: Class II malocclusion treatment may involve functional appliance therapy or extractions of teeth. The objectives of this study were to compare smile esthetics between these groups by measuring various smile variables and the esthetic perceptions by three panels of raters.
Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was performed with 66 patients equally divided into functional appliance (FA) and upper first premolars extraction (PME) groups. Eight smile variables were measured on post-treatment photographs using photoshop software (Adobe Systems, San Jose, Calif). 10 laypersons, general dentists and orthodontic residents performed subjective evaluations of smiles using visual analog scale. Mann-Whitney U test was applied to compare smile variables between groups. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare esthetic scores (ES) among raters. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to determine smile variables associated with ES.
Results: Statistically significant results found for arch form index (AFI) (p < 0.001), buccal corridor ratio (BCR) (p = 0.046) and visible dentition width ratio (VDWR) (p = 0.019) between PME and FA groups. Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences in ES among raters for PME (p = 0.004) and FA (p < 0.001) groups. Simple linear regression showed significant associations of ES with age (p = 0.002), VDW (p = 0.023), and BCR (p = 0.006). Multiple linear regression analysis showed age (p = 0.008) and VDWR (p = 0.021) were significantly associated with ES.
Conclusions: AFI, BCR and VDWR were higher in PME group. Panel of raters gave greater ES for the FA group.